python简单实现websocket
协议选择的是新的Hybi-10，参考文章如下：
http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuweisky/p/3930780.html http://blog.mycolorway.com/2011/11/22/a-minimal-python-websocket-server/ http://blog.csdn.net/icechenbing/article/details/7407588
实现一个简单的聊天室程序，代码如下：
#-*- coding:utf8 -*-
import threading
import hashlib
import socket
import base64
global clients
clients = {}
#通知客户端
def notify(message):
for connection in clients.values():
connection.send('%c%c%s' % (0x81, len(message), message))
#客户端处理线程
class websocket_thread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, connection, username):
super(websocket_thread, self).__init__()
self.connection = connection
self.username = username
def run(self):
print 'new websocket client joined!'
data = self.connection.recv(1024)
headers = self.parse_headers(data)
token = self.generate_token(headers['Sec-WebSocket-Key'])
self.connection.send('\
HTTP/1.1 101 WebSocket Protocol Hybi-10\r\n\
Upgrade: WebSocket\r\n\
Connection: Upgrade\r\n\
Sec-WebSocket-Accept: %s\r\n\r\n' % token)
while True:
try:
data = self.connection.recv(1024)
except socket.error, e:
print "unexpected error: ", e
clients.pop(self.username)
break
data = self.parse_data(data)
if len(data) == 0:
continue
message = self.username + ": " + data
notify(message)
def parse_data(self, msg):
v = ord(msg[1]) & 0x7f
if v == 0x7e:
p = 4
elif v == 0x7f:
p = 10
else:
p = 2
mask = msg[p:p+4]
data = msg[p+4:]
return ''.join([chr(ord(v) ^ ord(mask[k%4])) for k, v in enumerate(data)])
def parse_headers(self, msg):
headers = {}
header, data = msg.split('\r\n\r\n', 1)
for line in header.split('\r\n')[1:]:
key, value = line.split(': ', 1)
headers[key] = value
headers['data'] = data
return headers
def generate_token(self, msg):
key = msg + '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11'
ser_key = hashlib.sha1(key).digest()
return base64.b64encode(ser_key)
#服务端
class websocket_server(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, port):
super(websocket_server, self).__init__()
self.port = port
def run(self):
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
sock.bind(('127.0.0.1', self.port))
sock.listen(5)
print 'websocket server started!'
while True:
connection, address = sock.accept()
try:
username = "ID" + str(address[1])
thread = websocket_thread(connection, username)
thread.start()
clients[username] = connection
except socket.timeout:
print 'websocket connection timeout!'
if __name__ == '__main__':
server = websocket_server(9000)
server.start()
测试页面：
<!--
@http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuweisky/p/3930780.html
-->
<!DOCTYPE html>
</html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
</head>
<body>
<h3>WebSocketTest</h3>
<div id="login">
<div>
<input id="serverIP" type="text" placeholder="服务器IP" value="127.0.0.1" autofocus="autofocus" />
<input id="serverPort" type="text" placeholder="服务器端口" value="9000" />
<input id="btnConnect" type="button" value="连接" onclick="connect()" />
</div>
<div>
<input id="sendText" type="text" placeholder="发送文本" value="I'm WebSocket Client!" />
<input id="btnSend" type="button" value="发送" onclick="send()" />
</div>
<div>
<div>
来自服务端的消息
</div>
<textarea id="txtContent" cols="50" rows="10" readonly="readonly"></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</body>
<script>
var socket;
function connect() {
var host = "ws://" + $("serverIP").value + ":" + $("serverPort").value + "/"
socket = new WebSocket(host);
try {
socket.onopen = function (msg) {
$("btnConnect").disabled = true;
alert("连接成功！");
};
socket.onmessage = function (msg) {
if (typeof msg.data == "string") {
displayContent(msg.data);
}
else {
alert("非文本消息");
}
};
socket.onclose = function (msg) { alert("socket closed!") };
}
catch (ex) {
log(ex);
}
}
function send() {
var msg = $("sendText").value
socket.send(msg);
}
window.onbeforeunload = function () {
try {
socket.close();
socket = null;
}
catch (ex) {
}
};
function $(id) { return document.getElementById(id); }
Date.prototype.Format = function (fmt) { //author: meizz
var o = {
"M+": this.getMonth() + 1, //月份
"d+": this.getDate(), //日
"h+": this.getHours(), //小时
"m+": this.getMinutes(), //分
"s+": this.getSeconds(), //秒
"q+": Math.floor((this.getMonth() + 3) / 3), //季度
"S": this.getMilliseconds() //毫秒
};
if (/(y+)/.test(fmt)) fmt = fmt.replace(RegExp.$1, (this.getFullYear() + "").substr(4 - RegExp.$1.length));
for (var k in o)
if (new RegExp("(" + k + ")").test(fmt)) fmt = fmt.replace(RegExp.$1, (RegExp.$1.length == 1) ? (o[k]) : (("00" + o[k]).substr(("" + o[k]).length)));
return fmt;
}
function displayContent(msg) {
$("txtContent").value += "\r\n" +new Date().Format("yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:ss")+ ": " + msg;
}
function onkey(event) { if (event.keyCode == 13) { send(); } }
</script>
</html>
运行效果：
也可以看看GoEasy文库的其他资料。